Christopher Kollmeyer, Chapter 8 Globalization and democracy: The triumph of liberty over equality, Democratic Paths and Trends, 10.1108/S0895-9935(2010)0000018012, (177-198), (2010). Globalization is linked with democratic states either by trade, migration, policies, or TNCs and it does promote the democratic ideas based on human rights and protection of the environment (Bonanno & Constance, 2010, p.261). No plagiarism, guaranteed! How does globalization affect democracy? To streamline the presentation, Tables 1, 2 and 3 summarize the arguments from studies supporting each of these theoretical positions, respectively. Table 1: Perceived globalization constraints and satisfaction with democracy (ordered logistic regression). • Economic and political globalization drive the … Crossref Michael Enowbi‐Batuo, Mlambo Kupukile, How can economic and political liberalisation improve financial development in African countries?, Journal of Financial Economic Policy, … Thus, our first hypothesis is confirmed: the higher One view expects globalization to enhance democracy, a second argues that globalization obstructs democracy; a third argues that it does not necessarily affect democracy. Democracy is based on electoral process, civil liberty, political participation, and a functioning government with apolitical culture (Improving democracy assistance, 2008). For instance, the Asian economic crisis of 1997 showed that countries that had more democratic links with the west had suffered the most and that was a warning which showed that globalization is dangerous (Munk & Gills, 2002, p.68). Globalization was supposed to inevitably lead to more democracy, but it didn't. Second, we argue that the hollowing out of representative institutions can induce citizens to favour mechanisms that increase their influence in the decision-making process, i.e., referendums. Table 1 shows the results. alter the belief that elections matter as mechanisms of policy change, which eventually decrease electoral turnouts (Steiner, 2016). satisfied with democracy decrease by a factor of 0.77 (i.e., by approximately one quarter). Company Registration No: 4964706. • Open countries have better child health if they are democratic too. The consequences of trade liberalization and creating free zones or open markets will eventually require the authoritarian or other regimes to adopt a broader approach that is based on democratic policies and values (Improving democracy assistance, 2008). leads citizens to be both more sceptical toward representative institutions and more likely to advocate democracy. Alternatively, globalization losers may view referendums as tools to demand better compensation schemes, argument, as we show that perceived globalization constraints make citizens more likely to advocate referendums: thus, while globalization may contribute to the erosion of democratic support in Globalization 3. many people demand it”)[1] on which respondents have to take position. These results provide policymakers with critical policy recommendations that contribute to the reduction of PM2.5 concentrations and ensure sustainable economic development in the G20 countries. use the same control variables as previously (with the exception of economy assessment) but also add trust in politicians and respondents’ assessment of the political competence of their fellow The main mechanism driving this relationship is that referendum outcomes provide national governments with This second phase of democratization has deeply affected Latin America. ¿½An enduring tenet of the post-Cold War era is that globalization can be a catalyst for democratization. The main predictor (perceptions of globalization constraints) takes the value of 4 when more favourable to direct democracy, especially referendums (H2). Table 2: Perceived globalization constraints and attitudes toward referendums (ordered logistic regression). constraints” increase by one unit, the odds of agreeing strongly with the statement (as compared to lower response categories) increase by more than 30%; likewise, the odds of choosing response Study for free with our range of university lectures! Globalization Promotes Democracy The literature presents conflicting expectations about the effect of globalization on democracy. Technology or telecommunication is also a link between the open market and democracy and it plays an important role as a bridge that speed up the process of globalization. Globalization has a great impact on promoting democracies and perhaps the most available evidence will be based on the infusion of democratic values and human rights into the regional and international institutions. In one formulation, when democratic ideals sweep (or even trickle) across borders into authoritarian states, globalization makes democratization inevitable.¿½ (Dalpino, 2001). The past twenty-five years have witnessed three simultaneous trends: the intensification of economic globalization (Zohlnhöfer et al., 2017), a growing COVID-19 is expected to have far-reaching social effects on globalisation. Both suffer from several inherent deficiencies. Through the research, globalization had an evident role in improving the economic conditions as well as trade and lead to the creation of new middle classes that can have the power of increasing the pressure for democratic reform. The globalization of transnational nongovernmental organizations helped in promoting democracy as well as in the protection of human rights. Many have argued that the pandemic will lead to intensified nationalism, causing countries to turn from the global community. Annotations: Coefficients in exponential form. 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